The electrolyte of an all-vanadium redox flow battery is the core energy storage medium and energy carrier of the entire energy storage system. It is an aqueous solution with sulfuric acid as the supporting electrolyte and vanadium ions in different oxidation states as the active materials. The electrolyte stores chemical energy in external tanks and is pumped to the electrochemical stack for charging and discharging reactions, achieving the separation of energy and power, which is the cornerstone of all-vanadium redox flow battery technology.





